MICROSOFT EXCEL TUTORIAL - DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS

DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS

MICROSOFT EXCEL TUTORIAL-DATE AND TIME FUNCTIONS

1. DATE:- In Microsoft Excel “DATE” function returns  a date from supplied year, month and day by the user.
Syntax of DATE function:-

=DATE(year,month,day)

Arguments:-

year:- A number which representing the year and this number you entered between 1 and 4 digits.

month:- This number indicates the month value for this argument. If the month value is greater than 12 then every 12 months will add one year to the year value. E.g. If we input DATE (2018, 13, 01) it means the actual date return is 01-01-2019.

day:- This number indicates the day value for this argument. If the day value is greater than the days in a specific month then a month will add to the month value. E.g. If we input DATE(2019,11,32) it means the actual date return  is 02-12-2019.

Example of DATE function:-

The following pictures show the example of the DATE function.


2. DATEVALUE :- In Microsoft Excel “DATEVALUE” function converts a date in the form of text to a number that represents the date in Microsoft Excel date-time code.

Syntax of DATEVALUE function

=DATEVALUE(date_text)

Argument:-

date_text:- Input a valid date in text format. The date should be valid according to your regional date setting.

Example of DATEVALUE function:-

The following pictures show the example of the DATEVALUE function.

3.DAY:- In Microsoft Excel "DAY" function returns the day of the month. A number between 1 to 31.

Syntax of DAY function

=DAY(serial_number) 

Argument:-

serial_number:- It is the Microsoft Excel Date-Code that you want to return the day.

Example of DAY function:-

The following pictures show the example of the DAY function.


4. DAYS360:- In Microsoft Excel “DAYS360” function returns the days between two dates.

Syntax of DAYS360 function

=DAYS360(start_date,end_date,[method])

Arguments:-

start_date:- Enter the starting date.

end_date:- Enter the ending date.

method:- In method option you can input TRUE or FALSE. If you enter TRUE then it will use European method or if FALSE then it will use the US method. If method is omitted then the US method select by default. It is an optional part.

Example of DAYS360 function:-

The following pictures show the example of the DAYS360 function.

5. EDATE:-  In Microsoft Excel “EDATE” function add a number of months to a date and returns a serial date as result.

Syntax of EDATE function:-

=EDATE(start_date,months)

Arguments:-

start_date:- For calculation you enter the starting date.

months:- Either positive or negative number of months to add to the start_date.

Example of EDATE function:-

The following pictures show the example of the EDATE function.

6. EOMONTH:- In Microsoft Excel “EOMONTH” function calculates the last day of the month. After adding a specific number of month to a date you get serial date as result.

Syntax  of EOMONTH function:-

=EOMONTH(start_date,months)

Arguments:-

start_date:- For calculation, you enter the starting date.

months:- Either positive or negative number of months to add to the start_date.

Example of EOMONTH function:-

The following pictures show the example of the EOMONTH function.

7. HOUR:- In Microsoft Excel “HOUR” function returns the hour as a number between 0 to 23.

Syntax  of HOUR function:-

=HOUR(serial_number)

Argument:-

serial_number:- A valid Excel time.

Example of HOUR function:-

The following pictures show the example of the HOUR function.

8. MINUTE:- In Microsoft Excel “MINUTE” function returns the minute, a number from 0 to 59.

Syntax  of MINUTE function:-

=MINUTE(serial_number)

Argument:-

serial_number:- A valid Excel time.

Example of MINUTE function:-

The following pictures show the example of the MINUTE function.

9.MONTH:-  In Microsoft Excel “MONTH” function extract a month from the given date as number between 1 to 12.

Syntax  of MONTHE function:-

=MONTHE(serial_number)

Argument:-

serial_number:- A valid Excel date serial number.

 Example of MONTHE function:-

The following pictures show the example of the MONTHE function.

10. NETWORKDAYS:- In Microsoft Excel “NETWORKDAYS” function returns the number of whole workdays between start_date and end_date. It excludes weekends and any date identified in Holidays.

Syntax of NETWORKDAYS function:-

=NETWORKDAYS(start_date,end_date,[holidays])

Arguments:-

start_date:- Required a date that indicates the start date.

end_date:- Required a date that indicates the end date.

holidays:- A range of one or more dates to exclude from the working days. It is an optional part.

Example of NETWORKDAYS function:-

The following pictures show the example of the NETWORKDAYS function.

11. NOW:- In Microsoft Excel “NOW” function returns the current date and time. It automatically updated when a worksheet is changed or opened.

Syntax of NOW function

=NOW()

Example of NOW function:-

The following pictures show the example of the NOW function.

12. SECOND:- In Microsoft Excel “SECOND” function  returns the second, a number from 0-59.

Syntax  of SECOND function:-

=SECOND(serial_number)

Argument:-

serial_number:- A valid Excel time.

Example of SECOND function:-

The following pictures show the example of the SECOND function.


13. TIME:- In Microsoft Excel “TIME” function calculates the duration between two times.

Syntax of TIME function:-

=TIME(hour,minute,second)

Arguments:-

hour:- Enter the number for hour.

minute:- Enter the number for minute.

second:-  Enter the number for second.

Example of TIME function:-

The following pictures show the example of the TIME function.


14. TIMEVALUE:- In Microsoft Excel “TIMEVALUE” function converts a text time to an Excel serial number for a time, a number from 0 to 0.999988426. (12:00:00 AM to 11:59:59 PM)

Syntax of TIMEVALUE function:-

=TIMEVALUE(time_text)

argument:-

time_text:- A time in a text format.

Example of TIMEVALUE function:-

The following pictures show the example of the TIMEVALUE function.


15. TODAY:- In Microsoft Excel “TODAY” function returns the current date. It automatically updated when a worksheet is changed or opened.

Syntax of TODAY function

=TODAY()

Example of TODAY function:-

The following pictures show the example of the TODAY function.


16. WEEKDAY:- In Microsoft Excel “WEEKDAY” function returns a number from 1 to 7 identifying the day of the week of a date.

Syntax of WEEKDAY function

=WEEKDAY(serial_number,[return_type])

Arguments:-

serial_number:- The date for which we want to get the day of week.

return_type:- A number representing the day of week. It is an optional option, if omitted by default it takes 1.

Example of WEEKDAY function:-

The following pictures show the example of the WEEKDAY function.


17. WEEKNUM:- In Microsoft Excel “WEEKNUM” function takes a date and returns a week number between 1-54.

Syntax of WEEKNUM function

=WEEKNUM(serial_number,[return_type])

Arguments:-

serial_number:- A valid excel date in excel serial number format.

return_type:- The day the week begins. It is an optional part, if omitted then by default it 1.

 Example of WEEKNUM function:-

The following pictures show the example of the WEEKNUM function.


18. WORKDAY:- In Microsoft Excel “WORKDAY” function returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays.

Syntax of WORKDAY function

=WORKDAY(start_date,days,[holidays])

Arguments:-

start_date:- The date from which to count the number of workdays.

days:- The number of workdays to add on start_date.

holidays:- The date that are not to be counted as working days. It is an optional part.

 Example of WORKDAY function:-

The following pictures show the example of the WORKDAY function.


19. YEAR:- In Microsoft Excel “YEAR” function returns the year of a date between 1900 – 9999.

Syntax of YEAR function

=YEAR(serial_number)

Argument:-

serial_number:- A valid Excel date.

Example of YEAR function:-

The following pictures show the example of the YEAR function.


20. YEARFRAC:- In Microsoft Excel “YEARFRAC” function returns a decimal value that represents fractional years between two dates. Basically it helps to calculate age with a birthdate.

Syntax of YEARFRAC function:-

= YEARFRAC (start_date,end_date,[basis])

Arguments:-

start_date:- The start date.

end_date:- The end date

basis:- The type of date count basis. It is an optional part. If omitted by default it take 30/360. 

BASIS

CALCULATION

0(DEFAULT)

30/360 (US CONVENTION)

1

ACTUAL/ACTUAL

2

ACTUAL/360

3

ACTUAL/365

4

30/360 (EUROPEAN CONVENTION)

Example of YEARFRAC function:-

The following pictures show the example of the YEARFRAC function.




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